LoRaWan sensors are mainly used in the smart industry to control remote devices.

LoRaWAN ™ defines the communication protocol and the system architecture for the network, while the physical layer LoRa® enables the long-distance communication link. The protocol and network architecture have the greatest influence in determining the battery life of a node, the network capacity, the quality of service, the security and the variety of applications served by the network.

In a LoRaWAN ™ network, the nodes are not connected to a specific gateway. Instead, the data transmitted by a node is usually received by several gateways. Each gateway forwards the received packet from the end node via a backhaul (either via cellular, Ethernet, satellite or Wi-Fi) to the cloud-based network server. The intelligence and complexity is passed on to the network server, which manages the network and filters redundant received packets, carries out security checks, plans confirmations through the optimal gateway and carries out an adaptive data rate, etc.

It is extremely important that every LPWAN has security functions. LoRaWAN ™ uses two levels of security: one for the network and one for the application.

The network security ensures the authenticity of the node in the network, while the application layer of security ensures that the network operator does not have access to the application data of the end user. AES encryption is used for key exchange using an IEEE EUI64 identifier.
(Source: www.atim.com)

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